107大學指考英文科試題 - SlideShare

大學入學考試中心107學年度指定科目考試試題英文考科－作答注意事項－ 考試時間：80分鐘作答方式： ˙選擇題用2B 鉛筆在「答案卡」上作答；更正時， ... SlideShareusescookiestoimprovefunctionalityandperformance,andtoprovideyouwithrelevantadvertising.Ifyoucontinuebrowsingthesite,youagreetotheuseofcookiesonthiswebsite.SeeourUserAgreementandPrivacyPolicy. SlideShareusescookiestoimprovefunctionalityandperformance,andtoprovideyouwithrelevantadvertising.Ifyoucontinuebrowsingthesite,youagreetotheuseofcookiesonthiswebsite.SeeourPrivacyPolicyandUserAgreementfordetails. Home Explore Login Signup Successfullyreportedthisslideshow. WeuseyourLinkedInprofileandactivitydatatopersonalizeadsandtoshowyoumorerelevantads.Youcanchangeyouradpreferencesanytime. Createyourfreeaccounttoreadunlimiteddocuments. 107大學指考英文科試題 UpcomingSlideShare Loadingin…5 × Youarereadingapreview. Createyourfreeaccounttocontinuereading. SignUp 1 1of8 Likethisdocument?Whynotshare! Share Email     WhattoUploadtoSlideShare by SlideShare 12297477 views BeAGreatProductLeader(Amplify,... by AdamNash 1757884 views TrillionDollarCoachBook(BillCa... by EricSchmidt 1737009 views APIdaysParis2019-Innovation@s... by apidays 2317945 views Afewthoughtsonworklife-balance by WimVanderbauwhede 1631672 views Isvcstillathingfinal by MarkSuster 1461810 views Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Size(px) Starton ShowrelatedSlideSharesatend of PrevSlideShare NextSlideShares Youarereadingapreview. Createyourfreeaccounttocontinuereading. SignUp UpcomingSlideShare WhattoUploadtoSlideShare Next DownloadNow Downloadtoreadofflineandviewinfullscreen. Education Jul.02,2018 23,196views 0Likes Share DownloadNow Download Downloadtoreadoffline 107大學指考英文科試題 DownloadNow Download Downloadtoreadoffline Education Jul.02,2018 23,196views 107大學指考英文科試題 Readmore 中央社 Follow 小編 at 中央社新聞粉絲團 核四仲裁案調查報告記者會簡報 中央社 民國110年國防報告書 中央社 討一財政部懶人包 中央社 經濟部懶人包 中央社 衛福部懶人包 中央社 三中案一審判決 中央社 各國工時情形 中央社 地方創生券 中央社 國慶連假國道預報 中央社 Taiwan 中央社 RelatedBooks Freewitha30daytrialfromScribd Seeall FightingForward:YourNitty-GrittyGuidetoBeatingtheLiesThatHoldYouBack HannahBrencher (4/5) Free Dedicated:TheCaseforCommitmentinanAgeofInfiniteBrowsing PeteDavis (5/5) Free AverageExpectations:LessonsinLoweringtheBar ShepRose (3/5) Free NoOneSucceedsAlone:LearnEverythingYouCanfromEveryoneYouCan RobertReffkin (4/5) Free Let'sTalkAboutHardThings AnnaSale (4/5) Free HighConflict:WhyWeGetTrappedandHowWeGetOut AmandaRipley (5/5) Free Girl,StopApologizing:AShame-FreePlanforEmbracingandAchievingYourGoals RachelHollis (3.5/5) Free The7HabitsofHighlyEffectivePeoplePersonalWorkbook StephenR.Covey (4/5) Free Dry:AMemoir AugustenBurroughs (4.5/5) Free LessFret,MoreFaith:An11-WeekActionPlantoOvercomeAnxiety MaxLucado (4.5/5) Free Uninvited:LivingLovedWhenYouFeelLessThan,LeftOut,andLonely LysaTerKeurst (4.5/5) Free Girl,WashYourFace:StopBelievingtheLiesAboutWhoYouAresoYouCanBecomeWhoYouWereMeanttoBe RachelHollis (3.5/5) Free BoundariesUpdatedandExpandedEdition:WhentoSayYes,HowtoSayNoToTakeControlofYourLife HenryCloud (4/5) Free NeverSplittheDifference:NegotiatingAsIfYourLifeDependedOnIt ChrisVoss (4.5/5) Free MaybeYouShouldTalktoSomeone:ATherapist,HERTherapist,andOurLivesRevealed LoriGottlieb (4.5/5) Free HowMayIServe KarenMathews (3.5/5) Free RelatedAudiobooks Freewitha30daytrialfromScribd Seeall ExtraordinaryAwakenings:WhenTraumaLeadstoTransformation SteveTaylor (3.5/5) Free MyFriendFear:HowtoMoveThroughSocialAnxietyandEmbracetheLifeYouWant RoseBerry (5/5) Free MindsetShifts:EmbracingaLifeofPersonalGrowth TaraOmorogbe (5/5) Free Self-HelpfortheHelpless:ABeginner'sGuidetoPersonalDevelopment,UnderstandingSelf-care,andBecomingYourAuthenticSelf ShelleyWilson (5/5) Free TheAuthenticLeader:FiveEssentialTraitsofEffective,InspiringLeaders MerindaSmith (5/5) Free GettingMoreDone:WieldingIntentionandPlanningtoAchieveYourMostAmbitiousGoals MichelleLoucadoux (4.5/5) Free 10RulesforResilience:MentalToughnessforFamilies JoeDeSena (4.5/5) Free ABodytoLove:CultivateCommunity,BodyPositivity,andSelf-LoveintheAgeofSocialMedia AngelinaCaruso (5/5) Free OutwiththeOld,InwiththeYou TessBrigham (4.5/5) Free EmpathUp!:HowtoEmbracetheGiftofEmpathy CherylHutchinson (4.5/5) Free Winning:TheUnforgivingRacetoGreatness TimS.Grover (5/5) Free ThePowerofYourAttitude:7ChoicesforaHappyandSuccessfulLife StanToler (4.5/5) Free TheArtofStopping:HowtoBeStillWhenYouHavetoKeepGoing DavidKundtz (4.5/5) Free MinimalFinance:ForgingYourOwnPathtoFinancialFreedom SamDixonBrown (3.5/5) Free TheDesignThinkingMindset:HowtoAccessthePowerofInnovation DarinEich (5/5) Free Power,forAll:HowItReallyWorksandWhyIt'sEveryone'sBusiness JulieBattilana (4.5/5) Free 0Likes Statistics Notes Bethefirsttolikethis Views Totalviews 23,196 OnSlideShare 0 FromEmbeds 0 NumberofEmbeds 20,205 Actions Shares 0 Downloads 5 Comments 0 Likes 0 Nonotesforslide 107大學指考英文科試題 1. 大學入學考試中心 107學年度指定科目考試試題 英文考科 －作答注意事項－ 考試時間：80分鐘 作答方式： ˙選擇題用2B鉛筆在「答案卡」上作答；更正時，應 以橡皮擦擦拭，切勿使用修正液（帶）。

˙非選擇題用筆尖較粗之黑色墨水的筆在「答案卷」上 作答；更正時，可以使用修正液（帶）。

˙未依規定畫記答案卡，致機器掃描無法辨識答案；或 未使用黑色墨水的筆書寫答案卷，致評閱人員無法辨 認機器掃描後之答案者，其後果由考生自行承擔。

˙答案卷每人一張，不得要求增補。

2. 第1頁107年指考 共7頁英文考科 -1- 第壹部分：選擇題（占72分） 一、詞彙題（占10分） 說明︰第1題至第10題，每題有4個選項，其中只有一個是正確或最適當的選項，請畫記在 答案卡之「選擇題答案區」。

各題答對者，得1分；答錯、未作答或畫記多於一個選 項者，該題以零分計算。

1.Gorillashaveoftenbeenportrayedasafearfulanimal,butintruththeseshyapes______fightover sex,food,orterritory. (A)constantly(B)shortly(C)nearly(D)rarely 2.Withhernine-to-fivejob,Sallysometimeshastorunpersonal______duringthelunchbreak,suchas goingtothebankormailingletters. (A)affairs(B)errands(C)belongings(D)connections 3.Afteranargumentwiththeparentsofhisstudents,theteacherfinallyadmittedhismistake and______himselftoaskfortheirforgiveness. (A)resisted(B)humbled(C)detected(D)handled 4.Insteadofcriticizingotherpeople,weshouldfocusontheirstrengthsandgivethem______. (A)compliments(B)compromises(C)convictions(D)confessions 5.Takingadvantageofaspecialfunctionofthesearchengine,userscan______theInternetwithout leavingbehindanyhistoryofthewebpagestheyvisit. (A)browse(B)stride(C)rumble(D)conceal 6.Duetoextremelylowrainfallandadangerousreductionofreservoirwater,theareaisexperiencing theworst______in30years. (A)fluid(B)scandal(C)drought(D)nuisance 7.OnTeachers’Daywepay______toConfuciusforhiscontributiontothephilosophyofeducation. (A)consent(B)tribute(C)devotion(D)preference 8.Whenthefirefighterwalkedoutoftheburninghousewiththecryingbabyinhisarms,hewas______ asaherobythecrowd. (A)previewed(B)cautioned(C)doomed(D)hailed 9.Duetotheworldwiderecession,theWorldBank’sforecastfornextyear’sglobaleconomicgrowth is______. (A)keen(B)mild(C)grim(D)foul 10.Jefferyhasalwaysbeena______person,soit’snotsurprisinghegotintoanargumentwithhis colleagues. (A)respective(B)preventive(C)contagious(D)quarrelsome 二、綜合測驗（占10分） 說明︰第11題至第20題，每題一個空格，請依文意選出最適當的一個選項，請畫記在答案 卡之「選擇題答案區」。

各題答對者，得1分；答錯、未作答或畫記多於一個選項者， 該題以零分計算。

3. 107年指考第2頁 英文考科共7頁 -2- 第11至15題為題組 “KeepingupwiththeJoneses”isacatchphraseinmanypartsoftheEnglish-speakingworld.Justlike “keepingupappearances,”itreferstothe11toone’sneighborsasastandardforsocialstatusorthe accumulationofmaterialgoods.Generallyspeaking,themoreluxuriespeoplehave,thehighertheirvalue orsocialstatus—or12theybelieve.Tofailto“keepupwiththeJoneses”isthusperceivedas revealingsocio-economicinferiorityor,astheChinesewouldputit,agreatlossofface. The13waspopularizedwhenacomicstripofthesamenamewascreatedbycartoonistArthur R.“Pop”Momand.Thestripwasfirstpublishedin1916intheNewYorkWorld,andraninAmerican newspapersfor28yearsbeforeitwaseventually14intobooks,films,andmusicalcomedies.The “Joneses”ofthetitlewererichneighborsofthestrip’smaincharactersand,interestingly,theywere merely15butneveractuallyseeninpersoninthecomicstrip. 11.(A)reaction(B)attachment(C)similarity(D)comparison 12.(A)still(B)so(C)yet(D)even 13.(A)phrase(B)signal(C)material(D)analysis 14.(A)adapted(B)admitted(C)advanced(D)advised 15.(A)checkedout(B)watchedover(C)spokenof(D)tradedwith 第16至20題為題組 Manypeopleatsomepointinlifehavewhitespotsontheirfingernails.Oneofthemostcommon causesfortheselittlewhitespotsisaconditioncalledleukonychia.Althoughthenamesoundsprettyserious, theconditiontypically16.Andwhilemanypeoplethinkthewhitespotsarecausedbyacalciumor zincdeficiency,that’sgenerallynotthecase. Inreality,thesespotsmostoftendevelop17mildtomoderatetraumatoyournail.Ifyoucan’t thinkofanythingthatwouldhaveinjuredyournail,considerthefactthatnailsgrowveryslowly,sothe injury18weeksbeforethespotseverappeared.Thespotscouldalsobeasignofamildinfectionor allergy,orasideeffectofcertainmedications. 19thesourceoftheinjury,thesespotstypicallydonotrequireanytreatmentandshouldgoaway asyournailgrowsout.Andtheyshouldnotreturnunlessyousufferanotherinjurytoanail.However,this generally20whenonlyasingleorafewnailsareaffected.Ifallofyournailsareshowingwhite spots,theleukonychiacouldberelatedtoanothermoreseriousconditionsuchasanemia,cardiacdisease, diabetes,orkidneydisease. 16.(A)isn’t(B)doesn’t(C)couldn’t(D)wouldn’t 17.(A)inspiteof(B)asaresultof(C)tothebestof(D)forthesakeof 18.(A)mightoccur(B)wouldoccur(C)willhaveoccurred(D)mayhaveoccurred 19.(A)Supposing(B)Including(C)Whatever(D)Whether 20.(A)indicates(B)defines(C)applies(D)confirms 三、文意選填（占10分） 說明：第21題至第30題，每題一個空格，請依文意在文章後所提供的(A)到(L)選項中分別選 出最適當者，並將其英文字母代號畫記在答案卡之「選擇題答案區」。

各題答對者， 得1分；答錯、未作答或畫記多於一個選項者，該題以零分計算。

第21至30題為題組 Aquacultureisthefarmingofanyaquaticplantoranimal.Aquacultureisofgreatimportance becauseitreducesthepossibilityofoverfishingwildfish,andalsoimprovesthequalityandincreases the21offishforhumanconsumption. Ancientcivilizationsthroughouttheworldengagedindifferenttypesoffishfarming.Theindigenous peopleinAustraliaarebelievedtohaveraisedeelsasearlyas6000BC.Abundant22indicatesthey 4. 第3頁107年指考 共7頁英文考科 -3- developedvolcanicfloodplainsnearLakeCondahintochannelsanddams,thencapturedeelsand preservedthemtoeatallyearround.Theearliestrecordsoffish23,however,arefromChina,where thepracticewasinwideusearound2500BC.Whenthewaterssubsidedafterriverfloods,somefish, mainlycarp,were24inlakes.Earlyfishfarmersthenfedtheirbroodusingnymphsandsilkworm feces,andatethemafterwards. InEurope,aquaculturefirstbeganinancientRome.TheRomans,who25seafishandoysters, createdoysterfarmswhichweresimilartoswimmingpools.Fishandcrustaceans(suchasshrimpsand crabs)caughtinlagoonswerekept26inthesepoolsuntilitwastimetoeatthem.Thefarmswere oftenbuiltinside27homes,wherewell-to-dofamiliescouldinvitetheirguestsoverandchoosethe fishtheywishedtoeat.ThisRomantraditionwaslateradoptedbyChristianmonasteriesincentralEurope. DuringtheMiddleAges,aquaculture28inEurope,sincefarawayfromtheseacoastsandthe bigrivers,fishhadtobesaltedsotheydidnotrot.ThroughoutfeudalEurope,monasticordersandthe aristocracywerethemainusersoffreshwaterfish,fortheyhada29overtheland,forests,andwater courseswhilethecommonpeoplecouldseldombuildpondsoftheirown.Aswithhunting,30fishing wasseverelypunishedandthelesswell-offwouldhavetowaitafewcenturiesbeforefreshfishwasserved ontheirplates. (A)spread(B)culture(C)trapped(D)adored(E)alive(F)monopoly (G)delicious(H)illegal(I)supply(J)wealthier(K)evidence(L)treated 四、篇章結構（占10分） 說明：第31題至第35題，每題一個空格。

請依文意在文章後所提供的(A)到(F)選項中分別選 出最適當者，填入空格中，使篇章結構清晰有條理，並將其英文字母代號畫記在答 案卡之「選擇題答案區」。

各題答對者，得2分；答錯、未作答或畫記多於一個選項 者，該題以零分計算。

第31至35題為題組 ThecausesoftheFrenchRevolutionarecomplexandstillwidelydebatedamonghistorians.However, manyscholarsagreethatfoodplayedanimportantroleinthesocio-politicalupheaval.31 AmaincomponentintheFrenchdailymeal,breadwasoftentiedupwiththenationalidentity.Studies showthattheaverage18th -centuryFrenchworkerspenthalfhisdailywageonbread.In1788and1789, however,whenthegraincropsfailedtwoyearsinarow,thepriceofbreadshotupto88percentofhis earnings.32ThegreatmajorityoftheFrenchpopulationwasstarving.Someevenresortedtotheft orprostitutiontostayalive. 33Startedinthe15th century,thistaxonsaltconsumptionwasappliedparticularlytothepoor, whilethenobilityandtheprivilegedwereexempted.Thehighrateandunequaldistributionofthetax provokedwidespreadillegaldealinginsaltbysmugglers,leadingtoskyrocketingsaltprices. However,theroyalcourtatVersailleswasisolatedfromandindifferenttotheescalatingcrisis.The desperatepopulationthusblamedtherulingclassforthefamineandeconomicdisturbances.34The resultsincludethestormingoftheBastille,amedievalfortressandprisoninParis,andtheeventual beheadingofKingLouisXVIandhiswife,MarieAntoinette. 35Yet,thegabelleandthe“breadquestion”remainedamongthemostunsettlingsocialand politicalissuesthroughouttheRevolutionaryandNapoleonicperiods(1789-1815)andwellbeyond. (A)ExternalthreatscloselyshapedthecourseoftheRevolution. (B)Withthecollapseoftheroyalfamily,calmwasrestoredgradually. (C)Meanwhile,peasants’resentmentagainstthegabellewasspreading. (D)Thecommonhouseholdcouldnotaffordtobuyenoughfoodtomeettheirbasicneeds. (E)Theangerquicklybuiltup,culminatinginthemassiveriotsoftheFrenchRevolutionin1789. (F)Specifically,breadandsalt,twomostessentialelementsintheFrenchcuisine,wereattheheartof theconflict. 5. 107年指考第4頁 英文考科共7頁 -4- 五、閱讀測驗（占32分） 說明︰第36題至第51題，每題請分別根據各篇文章之文意選出最適當的一個選項，請畫記 在答案卡之「選擇題答案區」。

各題答對者，得2分；答錯、未作答或畫記多於一個 選項者，該題以零分計算。

第36至39題為題組 Bornin1785insouthwesternGermany,BaronKarlDraiswasoneofthemostcreativeGerman inventorsofthe19th century.Thebaron’snumerousinventionsinclude,amongothers,theearliesttypewriter, themeatgrinder,adevicetorecordpianomusiconpaper,andtwofour-wheeledhuman-poweredvehicles. Butitwastherunningmachine,themodernancestorofthebicycle,thatmadehimfamous. Therunningmachine,alsocalledDraisineorhobbyhorse,wasineffectaveryprimitivebicycle:it hadnochainsandwaspropelledbyriderspushingoffthegroundwiththeir feet.Thoughnotabikeinthemodernsenseoftheword,Drais’invention markedthebigbangforthebicycle’sdevelopment.Itwasthefirstvehicle withtwowheelsplacedinline.Theframeandwheelsweremadeofwood; thesteeringalreadyresembledamodernhandlebar.Drais’bigdemocratic ideabehindhisinventionwastofindamuscle-poweredreplacementforthe horses,whichwereexpensiveandconsumedlotsoffoodevenwhennotin use.Themachine,hebelieved,wouldallowlargenumbersofpeoplefaster movementthanwalkingorridinginacoach. DraisundertookhisfirstdocumentedrideonJune12,1817,coveringadistanceof13kilometersin onehour.Afewmonthslater,Draiscreatedahugesensationwhenherode60kilometersinfourhours. ThesewerelaterfollowedbyamarketingtriptoParis,wherethehobbyhorsequicklycaughton.Thefad alsoquicklyspreadtoBritain. Thesuccessofthehobbyhorsewasshort-lived,though.Theywereheavyanddifficulttoride.Safety wasanissue,too:Theylackedabrake,aswellascranksandpedals.Therewerefrequentcollisionswith unsuspectingpedestrians,andafterafewyearsDrais’inventionwasbannedinmanyEuropeanand Americancities.Drais’ideas,however,didnotdisappearentirely.Decadeslater,themachinewasequipped byFrenchmenPierreLallementandPierreMichauxwithpedalstobecomethemodernbicycle. 36.WhydidDraisinventtherunningmachine? (A)Toprovehiscreativityasaninventor. (B)Toprotectthehorsesfrombeingabused. (C)Toprovideanewgadgetfortheroyalclass. (D)Togivethegeneralpublicabettermeansoftransportation. 37.Whatdoes“markedthebigbang”meaninthesecondparagraph? (A)Gaveouthugenoise.(B)Createdseriousdisturbance. (C)Enjoyedwidepopularity.(D)Representedgroundbreakingwork. 38.Whichofthefollowingdescriptionsistrueabouttherunningmachine? (A)Itwasequippedwithcranksandpedals. (B)Itswheelsandframeweremadeofiron. (C)Ithadabraketocontrolthespeedofitsmovement. (D)Itssteeringwassimilartothehandlebarofamodernbike. 39.Whydidthehobbyhorsefailtobecomeacommonvehicleinthe19th century? (A)Itwasexpensiveandnotdurableenough. (B)Itdidnotgoasfastaspeoplehadexpected. (C)Itwashardtocontrolanddangeroustorideontheroad. (D)ItdidnotreceiveenoughpublicattentioninEuropeancities. 6. 第5頁107年指考 共7頁英文考科 -5- 第40至43題為題組 Flickeringlampscaninduceheadaches.Butiftheflickeringhappensmillionsoftimesasecond—far fasterthantheeyecanseeorthebrainprocess—thenitmightbeharnessedtodosomethinguseful,like transmittingdata.ThisistheideabehindLi-Fi,orLightFidelity.ThetermLi-FiwascoinedbyUniversity ofEdinburghProfessorHaraldHaasina2011TEDTalk,whereheintroducedtheideaof“wirelessdata fromeverylight.”Today,Li-Fihasdevelopedintoawirelesstechnologythatallowsdatatobesentathigh speeds,workingwithlight-emittingdiodes(LEDs),anincreasinglypopularwaytoilluminatepublicareas andhomes. UsingLEDlightsasnetworkingdevicesfordatatransmission,Li-FihasseveraladvantagesoverWi- Fi(WirelessFidelity).First,Li-Fiallowsforgreatersecurityonlocalnetworks,aslightcannotpenetrate wallsordoors,unlikeradiowavesusedinWi-Fi.Aslongastransparentmaterialslikeglasswindowsare covered,accesstoaLi-Fichannelislimitedtodevicesinsidetheroom,ensuringthatsignalscannotbe hackedfromremotelocations.Also,Li-Ficanoperateinelectromagneticsensitiveareassuchasaircraft cabins,hospitals,andnuclearpowerplants,forlightdoesnotinterferewithradiosignals.Themost significantadvantageofLi-Fiisspeed.Researchershaveachievedspeedsof224gigabitspersecondinlab conditions,muchfasterthanWi-Fibroadband. HowcouldLi-Fienrichdailylife?AnywherethereisLEDlighting,thereisanopportunityforLi-Fi enabledapplications.Li-Fi-enabledstreetlightscouldprovideinternetaccesstomobilephones,making walkingatnightsafer.TheLEDbulbsintrafficlightscouldprovidedriverswithweatherconditionsand trafficupdates.Li-Ficouldhelpwithtourismbyprovidinganeasieraccesstolocalinformation.Athome, smartlightcouldalsoprovideparentswithsolutionstotheirchildren’sInternetaddiction:Justturnoffthe lightsandyou’veturnedofftheiraccess. When14billionlightbulbsmean14billionpotentialtransmittersofwirelessdata,acleaner,agreener, andevenabrighterfutureisontheway. 40.Whatisthispassagemainlyabout? (A)Anewdesigninlighting.(B)Wirelesstransmissionthroughillumination. (C)Radiointerferenceinpublicareas.(D)PotentialapplicationsofLi-Fiformilitaryuse. 41.Whatdoes“This”inthefirstparagraphreferto? (A)Flickeringlightisanuisance.(B)Lightflashescandelivermessages. (C)Thebraincanbeaffectedbylighting.(D)Humaneyescanperceivechangesinlight. 42.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaboutLi-Fi? (A)Itpassesthroughconcretewalls.(B)Itwasfirstintroducedin2011. (C)Ittransmitsdataathighspeed.(D)Itmayhelpwithparenting. 43.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisanadvantageofLi-FioverWi-Fi? (A)Li-Ficanbepoweredbyradioandsavemoreenergy. (B)Li-Figuidespedestriansinareaswherevehiclescannottravel. (C)Li-Fiprovidessafertransmissionofdataduringapowerfailure. (D)Li-FicanbeusedinareaswhereWi-Fimayinterferewithradarsignals. 第44至47題為題組 Someoftheworld’slargestbeetlesaregettingsmallerbecausetheirhabitatsarewarmingup, accordingtonewresearchfromtheUniversityofBritishColumbia,Canada.Thestudy,publishedinthe JournalofAnimalEcologyinJanuary2018,showsthatclimatechangeishavinganimpactonthese“teeny tiny”organisms. Thestudybeganwithadeepdiveintothescientificliterature.EvolutionaryecologistMichelleTseng andherstudentscombedthroughallthearticlestheycouldfind,lookingforlaboratorystudiesof temperatureeffectsoninsects.Theyfound19thatindicatedatleast22beetlespeciesshrankwhenraised inwarmerthannormaltemperatures. 7. 107年指考第6頁 英文考科共7頁 -6- Toseewhetherthispatternheldtrueinthewild,theteammadeuseoftheuniversity’s600,000- specimeninsectcollection,whichincludedthousandsofbugscollectedlocallysincethelate1800s.The researcherstookphotographsofmorethan6,500beetlesfromtheeightspecieswiththemostextensive records.Theyalsolookedatclimaterecordstodeterminetrendsinrainfallandotherfactorsbesides temperature.Sortingthebeetlesintosizecategories,theyfoundthatfiveoftheeightspecieshaveshrunk overthepastcentury.Thefourlargestspeciesofbeetles,includingthesnail-killergroundbeetles,shrank 20%inthepast45years.Incontrast,smallerbeetleswereunaffectedorevenslightlyincreasedinsize. SomeecologistsarecautiousaboutTseng’sfindings,sayingthatithasn’tyetbeenprovedwhetherthe warmingtemperaturesaretheactualcauseforthebeetleshrinkage.UKbiologistAlanRonanBaudron, however,isconvinced.Baudron’sstudieshavedocumentedshrinkageofcertainfishspeciesduetoclimate warming.Hisaccountisthatwarmertemperatureslowertheconcentrationofoxygeninthewater,causing fishtoburnenergyfasterandmatureatasmallersize.ButneitherhenorTsengisconvincedthatdecreased oxygencanexplaintheshrinkageinthebeetles. 44.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage? (A)LargeBeetlesAreShrinking,ThankstoClimateChange (B)Beetlesvs.Fish:AreTheyBecomingSmaller? (C)WhatWeKnowAboutEvolutionaryEcology (D)AnimalEcology:PastandPresent 45.Whatdoes“adeepdive”mostlikelymeaninthesecondparagraph? (A)Aclearindication.(B)Animportantfinding. (C)Athoroughexamination.(D)Aninsightfulcomment. 46.WhichofthefollowingistrueabouttheresearchmethodofTseng’steam? (A)Theyconductedbothlaboratoryandfieldstudies. (B)Theytookpicturesof600,000specimensofinsects. (C)Theydividedthebeetlesintodifferentsizegroupsforexamination. (D)Theyrecordedthedegreesofoxygenconcentrationsincethelate1800s. 47.WhichofthefollowingisafindingofTseng’steam? (A)Eightspeciesofbeetleshaveshrunkoverthepastcentury. (B)Somebeetleswerenotaffectedbytemperaturechange. (C)Mostbeetlestendtolivelongerwithclimatewarming. (D)Beetlesandfishmayshrinkdowntothesamesize. 第48至51題為題組 Inordertoprotectthediversityofcropsfromcatastrophe,theSvalbardGlobalSeedVault,aseed bank,wasbuiltbeneathamountainonanArcticislandhalfwaybetweenNorwayandtheNorthPole.The Vaultismeanttohelpfarmersandscientistsfindthegenestheyneedtoimprovetoday’scrops.Italsoaims tobreedvarietiesthatmightbetterrespondtoemergingchallenges,suchasclimatechangeandpopulation growth.Currently,theVaultholdsmorethan860,000samples,originatingfromalmosteverycountryin theworld. Thereisnow,however,agrowingbodyofopinionthattheworld’sfaithinSvalbardismisplaced. Thosewhohaveworkedwithfarmersinthefieldsaythatdiversitycannotbeboxedupandsavedina singlecontainer—nomatterhowsecureitmaybe.Cropsarealwayschanging,pestsanddiseasesarealways adapting,andglobalwarmingwillbringadditionalchallengesthatremainunforeseen.Inaperfectworld, thesolutionwouldbeasdiverseanddynamicasplantlifeitself. 8. 第7頁107年指考 共7頁英文考科 -7- Thedisputeabouthowbesttosavecropdiversitycentersonwhetherweshouldworkwith communitiesinthefieldsorwithinstitutions,sinceitwillbeextremelydifficulttofindenoughfundingto doboth.NowtheisolatedSvalbardseedvaultissuckingupavailablefunding.Yet,thehighlycentralized approachmaynotbeabletohelpfarmerscopewithclimatechange,fiftyorahundredyearsfromnow. Accordingtonewresearchfindings,asmuchas75percentofglobalcropdiversityexistsoutsidethebig institutionalseedbanks.Suchdiversityisheldinsteadbysomeoftheworld’smostmarginalfarmers. Moreover,itisarguedwithincreasingforcethatseedbankscanneithermakeupforthepracticalknowledge offarmersontheground,norcompetewiththeiringenuity. 48.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage? (A)Seedbankscanhelpfarmersimprovetheircrops. (B)Thepracticeofseedbanksrequiresglobalcooperation. (C)Theideaofsavingcropdiversityinseedbanksisdebatable. (D)Seedbanksareabletodealwithchallengesofclimatechange. 49.Accordingtothispassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueabouttheSvalbardGlobalSeed Vault? (A)Itisusingupalotofthefunding.(B)ItislocatedinthecenterofNorway. (C)Itaimstofightagainstgenemodifiedcrops.(D)Itholds75percentofglobalcropdiversity. 50.Whichofthefollowingistrueabouttheroleoffarmersinpreservingcropvariety? (A)Competingwithseedbanks.(B)Providingpracticalknowledge. (C)Packagingseedsforresearch.(D)Respondingtopopulationgrowth. 51.Whatdoes“thehighlycentralizedapproach”inthethirdparagraphreferto? (A)Workingwithinstitutions.(B)Workingwithfarmers. 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核四仲裁案調查報告記者會簡報 中央社 民國110年國防報告書 中央社 討一財政部懶人包 中央社 經濟部懶人包 中央社 衛福部懶人包 中央社 三中案一審判決 中央社 各國工時情形 中央社 地方創生券 中央社 國慶連假國道預報 中央社 Taiwan 中央社 107大學指考英文科試題 Views Totalviews 23,196 OnSlideshare 0 Fromembeds 0 Numberofembeds 20,205 Actions Downloads 5 Shares 0 Comments 0 Likes 0 0Likes Statistics Notes × ShareClipboard × Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Link Publicclipboardsfeaturingthisslide × Nopublicclipboardsfoundforthisslide Selectanotherclipboard × Lookslikeyou’veclippedthisslidetoalready. Createaclipboard Youjustclippedyourfirstslide! Clippingisahandywaytocollectimportantslidesyouwanttogobacktolater.Nowcustomizethenameofaclipboardtostoreyourclips. Name* Description Visibility OtherscanseemyClipboard Cancel Save SpecialOffertoSlideShareReaders × TheSlideSharefamilyjustgotbigger.Younowhaveunlimited*accesstobooks,audiobooks,magazines,andmorefromScribd. Activateyourfree60daytrial Cancelanytime.