Hodgkin's lymphoma (Hodgkin's disease) - Mayo Clinic

Hodgkin's lymphoma is a type of cancer that affects the lymphatic system, which is part of the body's germ-fighting immune system. COVID-19:Advice,updatesandvaccineoptions FindoutaboutCOVID-19,COVID-19vaccines,andMayoClinicpatientandvisitorupdates. Skiptositenavigation SkiptoContent ThiscontentdoesnothaveanEnglishversion.ThiscontentdoesnothaveanArabicversion. SectionsforHodgkin'slymphoma(Hodgkin'sdisease)Symptoms&causesDiagnosis&treatmentDoctors&departmentsCareatMayoClinic Print Overview Partsoftheimmunesystem Openpop-updialogbox Close Partsoftheimmunesystem Partsoftheimmunesystem Thelymphaticsystemispartofthebody'simmunesystem,whichprotectsagainstinfectionanddisease.Thelymphaticsystemincludesthespleen,thymus,lymphnodesandlymphchannels,aswellasthetonsilsandadenoids. Lymphnodeclusters Openpop-updialogbox Close Lymphnodeclusters Lymphnodeclusters Lymphnodesarebean-sizedcollectionsoflymphocytes.Hundredsofthesenodesclusterthroughoutthelymphaticsystem,forexample,neartheknee,groin,neckandarmpits.Thenodesareconnectedbyanetworkoflymphaticvessels. Hodgkin'slymphomaisatypeofcancerthataffectsthelymphaticsystem,whichispartofthebody'sgerm-fightingimmunesystem.InHodgkin'slymphoma,whitebloodcellscalledlymphocytesgrowoutofcontrol,causingswollenlymphnodesandgrowthsthroughoutthebody. Hodgkin'slymphoma,whichusedtobecalledHodgkin'sdisease,isoneoftwogeneralcategoriesoflymphoma.Theotherisnon-Hodgkin'slymphoma. AdvancesindiagnosisandtreatmentofHodgkin'slymphomahavehelpedgivepeoplewiththisdiseasethechanceforafullrecovery.TheprognosiscontinuestoimproveforpeoplewithHodgkin'slymphoma.Products&ServicesBook:MayoClinicFamilyHealthBook,5thEditionMayoClinicComprehensiveCancerCenterNewsletter:MayoClinicHealthLetter—DigitalEditionShowmoreproductsfromMayoClinic Types Chroniclymphocyticleukemia CutaneousB-celllymphoma CutaneousT-celllymphoma Lymphoma Symptoms Swollenlymphnodes Openpop-updialogbox Close Swollenlymphnodes Swollenlymphnodes Oneofthemostcommonplacestofindswollenlymphnodesisintheneck.Theinsetshowsthreeswollenlymphnodesbelowthelowerjaw. SignsandsymptomsofHodgkin'slymphomamayinclude: Painlessswellingoflymphnodesinyourneck,armpitsorgroin Persistentfatigue Fever Nightsweats Losingweightwithouttrying Severeitching Paininyourlymphnodesafterdrinkingalcohol WhentoseeadoctorMakeanappointmentwithyourhealthcareproviderifyouhaveanypersistentsignsorsymptomsthatworryyou. 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Sorrysomethingwentwrongwithyoursubscription Please,tryagaininacoupleofminutes Retry CausesDoctorsaren'tsurewhatcausesHodgkin'slymphoma.Theyknowthatitbeginswheninfection-fightingwhitebloodcellscalledlymphocytesdevelopchangesintheirDNA.Acell'sDNAcontainstheinstructionsthattellacellwhattodo. TheDNAchangestellthecellstomultiplyrapidlyandtocontinuelivingwhenothercellswouldnaturallydie.Thelymphomacellsattractmanyhealthyimmunesystemcellstoprotectthemandhelpthemgrow.TheextracellscrowdintothelymphnodesandcauseswellingandotherHodgkin'slymphomasignsandsymptoms. TherearemultipletypesofHodgkin'slymphoma.Yourtypeisbasedonthecharacteristicsofthecellsinvolvedinyourdiseaseandtheirbehavior.Thetypeoflymphomayouhavehelpsdeterminesyourtreatmentoptions. ClassicalHodgkin'slymphomaClassicalHodgkin'slymphomaisthemorecommontypeofthisdisease.PeoplediagnosedwiththistypehavelargelymphomacellscalledReed-Sternbergcellsintheirlymphnodes. SubtypesofclassicalHodgkin'slymphomainclude: NodularsclerosisHodgkin'slymphoma MixedcellularityHodgkin'slymphoma Lymphocyte-depletedHodgkin'slymphoma Lymphocyte-richHodgkin'slymphoma Nodularlymphocyte-predominantHodgkin'slymphomaThismuchrarertypeofHodgkin'slymphomainvolveslymphomacellsthataresometimescalledpopcorncellsbecauseoftheirappearance.Nodularlymphocyte-predominantHodgkin'slymphomaisusuallydiagnosedatanearlystageandmayrequirelessintensivetreatmentscomparedtotheclassicaltypeofthedisease. RiskfactorsFactorsthatcanincreasetheriskofHodgkin'slymphomainclude: Yourage.Hodgkin'slymphomaismostoftendiagnosedinpeopleintheir20sand30sandthoseoverage55. Afamilyhistoryoflymphoma.HavingabloodrelativewithHodgkin'slymphomaincreasesyourriskofdevelopingHodgkin'slymphoma. Beingmale.PeoplewhoareassignedmaleatbirthareslightlymorelikelytodevelopHodgkin'slymphomathanarethosewhoareassignedfemale. PastEpstein-Barrinfection.PeoplewhohavehadillnessescausedbytheEpstein-Barrvirus,suchasinfectiousmononucleosis,aremorelikelytodevelopHodgkin'slymphomathanarepeoplewhohaven'thadEpstein-Barrinfections. HIVinfection.PeoplewhoareinfectedwithHIVhaveanincreasedriskofHodgkin'slymphoma. ByMayoClinicStaff Hodgkin'slymphoma(Hodgkin'sdisease)careatMayoClinic RequestanAppointmentatMayoClinic Diagnosis&treatment March08,2022 Print Shareon:FacebookTwitter Showreferences Hodgkinlymphoma.NationalComprehensiveCancerNetwork.https://www.nccn.org/guidelines/guidelines-detail?category=1&id=1439.Nov.15,2021. AdultHodgkinlymphomatreatment(PDQ)—patientversion.NationalCancerInstitute.https://www.cancer.gov/types/lymphoma/patient/adult-hodgkin-treatment-pdq.AccessedNov.15,2021. AskMayoExpert.ClassicHodgkinlymphoma(cHL)(adult).MayoClinic;2021. AsterJC,etal.PathogenesisofHodgkinlymphoma.https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search.AccessedDec.1,2021. HoffmanR,etal.Hodgkinlymphoma:Clinicalmanifestations,stagingandtherapy.In:Hematology:BasicPrinciplesandPractice.7thed.Elsevier;2018.https://www.clinicalkey.com.AccessedNov.25,2021. AnsellSM.Hodgkinlymphoma:A2020updateondiagnosis,risk-stratificationandmanagement.AmericanJournalofHematology.2020;doi:10.1002/ajh.25856. Sideeffectsofchemotherapy.Cancer.Net.https://www.cancer.net/navigating-cancer-care/how-cancer-treated/chemotherapy/side-effects-chemotherapy.AccessedDec.1,2021. Sideeffectsofradiationtherapy.Cancer.Net.https://www.cancer.net/navigating-cancer-care/how-cancer-treated/radiation-therapy/side-effects-radiation-therapy.AccessedDec.1,2021. Sideeffectsofabonemarrowtransplant(stemcelltransplant).Cancer.Net.https://www.cancer.net/navigating-cancer-care/how-cancer-treated/bone-marrowstem-cell-transplantation/side-effects-bone-marrow-transplant-stem-cell-transplant.AccessedDec.1,2021. Distressmanagement.NationalComprehensiveCancerNetwork.https://www.nccn.org/guidelines/guidelines-detail?category=3&id=1431.Nov.15,2021. LymphomaSPOREs.NationalCancerInstitute.https://trp.cancer.gov/spores/lymphoma.htm.AccessedNov.15,2021. LaurentC,etal.Impactofexpertpathologicreviewoflymphomadiagnosis:StudyofpatientsfromtheFrenchLymphopathNetwork.JournalofClinicalOncology.2017;doi:10.1200/JCO.2016.71.2083. Braswell-PickeringBA.AllscriptsEPSi.MayoClinic.Nov.3,2021. GoyalG,etal.AssociationbetweenfacilityvolumeandmortalityofpatientswithclassicHodgkinlymphoma.Cancer.2020;doi:10.1002/cncr.32584. Memberinstitutions.AllianceforClinicalTrialsinOncology.https://www.allianceforclinicaltrialsinoncology.org/main/public/standard.xhtml?path=%2FPublic%2FInstitutions.AccessedDec.7,2021. NRGOncologylistofmainmember,LAPSandNCORPsites.NRGOncology.https://www.nrgoncology.org/About-Us/Membership/Member-Institution-Lists.AccessedDec.7,2021. Related Hodgkin'svs.non-Hodgkin'slymphoma:What'sthedifference? AssociatedProcedures Bonemarrowbiopsy Bonemarrowtransplant Chemotherapy CTscan MRI Positronemissiontomographyscan Radiationtherapy X-ray Showmoreassociatedprocedures NewsfromMayoClinic BrentuximabvedotinmayimproveoverallsurvivalinpatientswithHodgkinLymphoma July14,2022,04:22p.m.CDT Products&Services Book:MayoClinicFamilyHealthBook,5thEdition MayoClinicComprehensiveCancerCenter Newsletter:MayoClinicHealthLetter—DigitalEdition ShowmoreproductsandservicesfromMayoClinic Hodgkin'slymphoma(Hodgkin'sdisease)Symptoms&causesDiagnosis&treatmentDoctors&departmentsCareatMayoClinic Advertisement MayoClinicdoesnotendorsecompaniesorproducts.Advertisingrevenuesupportsournot-for-profitmission. Advertising&Sponsorship Policy Opportunities AdChoices MayoClinicPress Checkoutthesebest-sellersandspecialoffersonbooksandnewslettersfromMayoClinicPress. 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