探討國中青少年偏差行為的社會心理決策歷程 - 碩博士論文網

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社會學習理論主張,接觸偏差同儕是影響青少年偏差行為的重要情境因素,偏差同儕 ... 本研究主要目的在於整合社會心理學與決策理論觀點,提出社會心理決策歷程模式, ... 資料載入處理中... 跳到主要內容 臺灣博碩士論文加值系統 ::: 網站導覽| 首頁| 關於本站| 聯絡我們| 國圖首頁| 常見問題| 操作說明 English |FB專頁 |Mobile 免費會員 登入| 註冊 功能切換導覽列 (159.65.11.210)您好!臺灣時間:2022/07/0618:20 字體大小:       ::: 詳目顯示 recordfocus 第1筆/ 共1筆  /1頁 論文基本資料 摘要 外文摘要 目次 參考文獻 電子全文 紙本論文 QRCode 本論文永久網址: 複製永久網址Twitter研究生:吳中勤研究生(外文):Chung-ChinWu論文名稱:探討國中青少年偏差行為的社會心理決策歷程論文名稱(外文):Investigatingthesocio-psychologicaldecision-makingprocessesofjuniorhighschoolstudent'sdelinquency指導教授:董旭英指導教授(外文):Yuk-YingTung學位類別:博士校院名稱:國立成功大學系所名稱:教育研究所學門:教育學門學類:綜合教育學類論文種類:學術論文論文出版年:2015畢業學年度:104語文別:中文論文頁數:318中文關鍵詞:決策、社會心理學、哥倫比亞卡片任務、功能性磁振造影外文關鍵詞:ColumbiaCardTask、decision-making、functionalmagneticresonanceimaging、socio-psychology相關次數: 被引用:2點閱:693評分:下載:0書目收藏:3 國中階段是青少年行為改變的重要時期。

社會學習理論主張,接觸偏差同儕是影響青少年偏差行為的重要情境因素,偏差同儕同時也會透過改變青少年的認知與動機影響行為表現,但較少著重於探討接觸偏差同儕是透過甚麼樣的心理歷程影響個人行為。

決策理論著重於探討個人內在決策歷程對行為決策的影響,理論觀點有助於解釋內在心理歷程的個別差異,卻忽略了情境因素與社會認知歷程的影響。

本研究主要目的在於整合社會心理學與決策理論觀點,提出社會心理決策歷程模式,以接觸偏差同儕做為影響偏差行為重要的情境因素,以決策的情緒-認知雙重系統理論作為內在決策歷程的架構,並以社會學習理論、社會控制理論與緊張理論做為社會心理決策歷程的內涵,來解釋青少年從事偏差行為的可能原因,並探討一般與偏差行為青少年在社會心理決策歷程的可能差異。

本研究首先進行調查研究,以5079位國中二年級青少年為對象,採用多層次結構方程模式分析進行理論模式的驗證,並整合混合分析方法檢驗社會心理決策歷程的潛在群體差異。

研究結果發現:(1)青少年在認知與動機等決策歷程的個別差異可能是影響偏差行為的重要因素,而情境因素對社會心理歷程的影響可能加劇青少年內在心理歷程與行為表現的個別差異。

(2)對行為結果的「酬賞預期」與「逃避損失發生的可能性」可能引發偏差行為青少年較大的情緒反應,再加上個人較少評估行為結果可能招致「損失的嚴重性」,使青少年更容易從事於偏差行為。

(3)不同群體青少年在情緒因素上的差異不明顯,可能意謂著情緒反應較難以調查研究的方式加以測量。

(4)一般與偏差行為青少年皆較少評估行為結果可能帶來的「損失嚴重性」。

風險決策是行為偏差的重要原因。

根據決策理論觀點,對酬賞過度敏感、對懲罰不敏感、對未來結果的短視,及情緒-認知失衡等原因,可能使偏差行為青少年做出較為冒險的決策,但實徵研究對前三個理論詮釋的支持證據不甚一致,這些觀點也未曾在其他行為測量任務中受到檢視,並且情緒-認知失衡的理論觀點仍較少受到實證研究的支持,是否適用於解釋不同青少年群體在決策歷程上的差異,仍未知。

再加上,當前風險決策測量仍缺乏建構效度的證據,難以說明風險決策測量的有效性。

有鑑於此,本研究從5079位參與調查研究的國中二年級青少年中,徵求269位參與行為研究,在實驗任務上採用哥倫比亞卡片任務(CCT),並輔以混合分析將青少年分群,主要目的在於檢視CCT任務對青少年風險決策測量的有效性,並將CCT與社會學習理論觀點及調查研究發現整合,探討社會因素對青少年風險決策的影響。

行為實驗的研究結果發現:(1)普遍來說,相較於正式酬賞,青少年更容易冒較大的險去追求社會酬賞(如:追求他人認同)。

(2)對立即酬賞回饋的敏感可能是青少年普遍的決策傾向,但一般青少年在決策時會評估較多選項,而偏差行為青少決策時所考量的選項較少。

(3)相較於一般青少年,偏差行為青少年對酬賞較為敏感,並對損失較為不敏感,但兩者對未來結果的認知能力相當。

(4)偏差行為青少年在行為決策時確實受到「酬賞預期」及「損失發生可能性」較大,與調查研究結果相似。

(5)偏差行為青少年在決策時較少考量「損失的嚴重性」,與調查研究結果相似,但一般青少年則會考量損失的嚴重性,與調查研究結果不同。

由於當前仍較少研究探討CCT情緒性任務與相關腦區活化的活化情形,認知性任務相關腦區的活化情性,亦仍未知,因此,本研究從參與行為實驗的269位國中二年級青少年中,徵求6位參與者及其法定代理人同意,進行功能性磁振造影研究(fMRI),主要目的在於探討國中青少年在進行情緒性與認知性決策任務時,大腦的活化情形。

本研究採事件關聯設計所蒐集到的功能性影像證據顯示:(1)國中青少年情緒性決策歷程與楔葉、左側顳上迴、右側後扣帶迴皮質、左側額下迴與左側內側前迴等腦區的活化有關。

(2)國中青少年的認知性決策歷程與行動的執行及行動前預思有關的中央前迴(precentralgyrus)的活化有關。

本研究於文末綜合調查研究、行為實驗與功能性磁振造影的結果依序進行討論,並比較調查研究結果與行為實驗發現的異同,最後,也對未來研究提出相應的建議。

Themainpurposeofthisstudywastodemonstrateaproposedmodelofsocio-psychologicaldecision-making(SPDM)processbyconductingsurvey,experiment,andfMRIresearches.Multilevelanalysiswereintroducedtoanalysisdata.Resultsdrawnfromsurveystudyshowed:(1)SPDMmodelfitdatawell.Itsuggestedtheultilityofthismodelforaccountingforinteractionsbetweencontextandmentalfactors.(2)theeffectofdeviantpeersondevianceswaspartiallymediatedbyrewardsevaluationandavoidanceofnegativelifeeventfordeviantadolescents(DA),whilethatwasbypositiveandnegativeemotionsfornormativeadolescents(NA).Itsuggestedbothofaffectiveanddeliberativeprocessinvolvingwhilemakingdecisions.(3)moderatedmediationeffectofthisprocesswasfound,itsuggesteddeviantpeerandsocialrewardsexcertedeffectsondecision-makingprocesses(DMP).ColumbiaCardTasks(CCT)wasusedtoinvestigateaffectiveanddeliberativeDMP,whichwasapartfromtraditionalaffectivedecision-makingtask-IGTbasedondualsystemtheory(DST)andsomaticmarkerhypothesis(SMH),respectively.CCTwasalsousedtoinvestigatedifferentdecision-makingprocessbetweendeviantandnormativegroups,andeffectsofsocialfactorsonthisprocess,anddiscussfindingswiththatofsurveyresearch.fMRIresearchwasconductedtoprovideevidencesofneuralbasisunderlyingdecision-makingprocesses.Resultsindicated:(1)CombiningbehavioralevidenceswithbrainactivationssuggestedthatCCTmaybeeffectiveformeasuringdecision-making.(2)DAweremoresensitivetoexpectedformalandsocialrewardsthanNAwere.ThesesfindingssupportedDSTandresultsderivedfromsurveyresearch,butprovidedevidencesagainstSMH. 中文摘要I英文摘要III致謝VII目次VIII表目次X圖目次XII第一章研究背景與目的1第二章文獻探討9第一節偏差行為的社會心理學觀點9一、社會學習理論觀點9二、控制理論觀點12三、一般化緊張理論觀點16四、社會心理學理論觀點評析19第二節偏差行為的決策歷程29一、愛荷華賭局及其實徵研究發現30二、修正版IGT及其實徵研究發現35三、哥倫比亞卡片任務及其實徵研究發現39三、決策實驗的綜合評述43第三節社會心理與決策理論的整合49第四節偏差行為決策的認知神經科學觀50一、偏差行為決策之認知神經科學觀51第三章研究方法55第一節研究對象55第二節調查研究之理論架構、測量與分析方法60一、理論模式61二、變項測量61三、統計分析71第三節實驗研究之假設、測量與分析85一、實驗研究假設與研究設計85二、行為實驗分析95第四節功能性磁振造影研究之假設、測量與分析95一、實驗設計96二、影像取得101三、影像前處理101四、統計分析102第四章研究結果105第一節調查研究結果105一、多層次測量模式分析105二、接觸偏差同儕、決策-動機歷程變項與偏差行為的關係130第二節行為實驗結果148一、變異數分析結果148二、多層次分析結果183第三節功能性磁振造影結果202一、訊號遺失(signaldropout)與假影檢視202二、空間前處理211三、統計分析結果236第五章討論、研究貢獻與建議242第一節調查研究部分242一、討論242二、研究貢獻252三、研究限制與建議254第二節行為實驗部分257一、討論257二、研究貢獻267三、研究限制與建議269第三節功能性磁振造影研究271一、討論271二、研究貢獻273三、研究限制與建議274第四節調查研究、行為實驗與功能性磁振造影研究的綜合討論274參考文獻279附錄一、接觸偏差同儕量表303附錄二、認知評估量表304附錄三、情緒反應量表306附錄四、動機傾向量表308附錄五、偏差行為量表309附錄六、青少年生活經驗問卷310 內政部統計處(2013)。

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 電子全文(網際網路公開日期:20251231)  國圖紙本論文 推文 網路書籤 推薦 評分 引用網址 轉寄                                                                                                                                                                                                                    top 相關論文 相關期刊 熱門點閱論文 1. 國小高年級學童生活適應、學業成就與偏差行為之研究:以嘉義縣為例 2. 客觀表現與社會比較對青少年自尊的預測 3. 框架理性:以展望理論檢驗預期效用理論的普遍性 4. 以功能性磁振造影研究大學生網路成癮之認知神經機轉 5. 情感回饋的一致性差異調節基於價值決策的神經處理在年輕人與老年人 6. 功能性磁振造影之俄羅斯方塊中的競爭以及人際互動   1. 侯崇文(2001)。

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