Singles' Day - Wikipedia

The Singles' Day or Double 11 (Chinese: 双11), originally called Bachelors' Day, is a Chinese unofficial holiday and shopping season that celebrates people ... Singles'Day FromWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia Jumptonavigation Jumptosearch UnofficialChineseholiday Singles'DayAnillustrationfortheChinesee-commerceholidaySingles'DayObserved byChineseTypeCommercialSignificanceBiggestshoppingdayintheworldCelebrationsShopping,festivals,clubs/barsDate11NovemberNext time11November2022 (2022-11-11)FrequencyAnnual Singles'DaySimplifiedChinese光棍节LiteralmeaningSingles'HolidayTranscriptionsStandardMandarinHanyuPinyinGuānggùnJiéWade–GilesKuang-kunchieh TheSingles'Day(simplifiedChinese:光棍节;traditionalChinese:光棍節)orDouble11(Chinese:双11),originallycalledBachelors'Day,isaChineseunofficialholidayandshoppingseasonthatcelebratespeoplewhoarenotinrelationships.Thedate,11November(11/11),waschosenbecausethenumeral1resemblesabarestick(Chinese:光棍;pinyin:guānggùn),whichisChineseInternetslangforanunmarriedmanwhodoesnotadd'branches'tothefamilytree.[1]Thefour'1'salsoabstractlyrefertothedemographicgroupofsinglepeople.Paradoxically,theholidayhasbecomeapopulardateonwhichtocelebraterelationships:morethan4,000couplesgotmarriedinBeijingonthisdatein2011,fargreaterthanthedailyaverageof700marriages. Originally,thedatewascelebratedasacynicalresponsetotraditionalcouple-centricfestivalsbyasmallgroupofcollegebachelors.However,in2009Alibaba'sCEODanielZhangbegantousethedayasa24-hourshoppingholidayfestivalthatofferedonlineshoppingdiscountsandofflineentertainment.[2][3][4]Theholidayhasnowbecomethelargestphysicalretailandonlineshoppingdayintheworld.RivalstoAlibaba,suchasJD.comhostsSingles'Dayfestivalaswell,whichgarneredUS$19.1billion,bringingtheChinesetotaltoUS$44.5billiontotalsalesvolumein2017.[5]Alibabashoppersexceeded213.5billionyuan(USD$30.7billion)intotalspendduring2018SinglesDay.[6][7]In2019,Alibabasaidthatitsgrossmerchandisevolumeforthewholeeventcameinat268.4billionyuan(US$38.4billion),anincreaseof26%fromthepreviousyear.[8]In2021,AlibabaandJDreachedanewtotalSinglesDaysalesrecordofUS$139billion.[9] Contents 1Origins 2Description 2.1Shopping 2.2CulturalEvents 3Symbolism 4OutsideChina 5Trademarks 6Seealso 7References 8Externallinks Origins[edit] TheSingles'Day,orBachelors'Day,originatedatNanjingUniversityin1993.Singles'DaycelebrationsspreadtoseveralotheruniversitiesinNanjingduringthe1990s.[10]11November(11/11),consistingoffour1's,waschosenasitrepresentsfoursingles. ThereareseveralideasexplainingthecreationoftheSingles'Dayfestival.[11]ThemostwidelyacceptedideaisthattheholidaygrewoutofNanjingUniversity'sdormculture.Oneoriginstoryisthatin1993,fourmalestudentsofNanjingUniversity'sMingcaowuzhu(allsinglemen)dormdiscussedhowtheycouldbreakawayfromthemonotonyofbeingsingleandagreedthat11Novemberwouldbeadayofeventsandcelebrationsinhonorofbeingsingle.[12]Theseactivitiesspreadthroughtheuniversityandeventuallymadetheirwayintowidersociety.Thespreadincreasedwithsocialmediause,andtheeventhasbecomeincreasinglypopularwithincontemporaryChinesecultureandsociety. Description[edit] JDsalesonSingles'Day Year RMB(billions) Growth 2021 349.1[13] +28.6% 2020 271.5[14] 2019 204.4[15] 2018 159.8[16] 2017 127.1[17] AlibabasalesonSingles'Day Year USD(billions) RMB(billions) Growth 2021 84.5[18] 540.3[18] +8.5% 2020 75[19] 498.2[19] +85% 2019 38.4[8] 268.4[20][8] +26%[8] 2018 31[21] 210[21] +27% 2017 25[22] 170[22] +39% 2016 18[23] 120[23] +32% 2015 14[24] 91[24] +60% 2014 9[25] 57[25] +63% 2013 6[citationneeded] 35[citationneeded] +83% 2012 3[26] 19[26] +270% 2011 0.8[27] 5[27] +460% 2010 0.1[27] 0.9[27] +1700% 2009 0.01[27] 0.05[28] Ø Singles'Dayservesasanoccasionforsinglepeopletomeetandforpartiestobeorganized.Theholidaywasinitiallyonlycelebratedbyyoungmen,hencetheinitialnameBachelors'Day.However,itisnowwidelycelebratedbybothsexes.Blinddatepartiesarepopularonthisday,inanattempttoalterthesinglestatusoftheparticipants.Someuniversitiesorganizespecialprogramstogathersinglestogetherforthecelebration.Singlesmaytakeonanannoyedorself-deprecatingattitudeinresponsetoremainingsingleasauniversitystudent,butuniversityinitiativeshavehelpedcurbthatnegativity.[citationneeded]Althoughthisdateismeanttocelebratesinglehood,thedesiretofindaspouseorpartnerisoftenexpressedbyyoungChinesepeopleonthisdate,whileotherlove-relatedissuesarediscussedbytheChinesemedia. Shopping[edit] TheeventisnotanofficiallyrecognizedpublicholidayinChina,[11]althoughithasbecomethelargestofflineandonlineshoppingdayintheworld.[7]SalesinAlibaba'ssites,TmallandTaobao,havereachedUS$5.8billionin2013,US$9.3billionin2014,US$14.3billionin2015,US$17.8billionin2016,andoverUS$25.4billionin2017.JD.comalsoachievedasalesrecordofUS$19.1billionin2017,whileLazadadrumsupUS$123million.[29][30][31][32][33][34] Asmorepeoplejoininthecelebrationofthisholiday,manycompanieshavetakentheopportunitytotargetyoungerconsumersincludingbusinessessuchasrestaurants,karaokeparlors,andonlineshoppingmalls.Forexample,theChineseonlineshoppingmallTaobaosoldgoodsworth19billionCNY(aboutUS$3billion)on11November2012.[35] OnSingles'Day2017,Alibabasetaworldrecordformostpaymenttransactionsduringthefestival.ItsmobilewalletappAlipayprocessed256,000paymenttransactionspersecond.Atotalof1.48billiontransactionswereprocessedbyAlipayintheentire24hours,withdeliveryordersthroughCainiao(Alibaba'slogisticsaffiliate)reachingcloseto700million,breakingthepreviousrecordsetin2016.[citationneeded]TheeventisnownearlyfourtimesthesizeofAmerica'sbiggestshoppingdays,BlackFridayandCyberMonday.[36] CulturalEvents[edit] Singles'dayhavecometoalsorepresentasaculturalevent.AlibabausuallyhostslargecelebratoryfestivalsonthenightbeforeitsbiggestshoppingdayandhavefeaturedglobalcelebritiesincludingNicoleKidmanin2017,TaylorSwiftatAlibaba'sShanghaigalain2019,andKatyPerryperforminginalivestreamin2020.[37]Notmerelyashoppingeventbuttheholidayisalsoadaywhenpeoplecanpartytosocializeandmeetotherpeople,aswellaspractisingtraditionsthatcelebratethesinglelife.[38] 2011markedtheSinglesDayoftheCentury(Chinesepinyin:ShijiGuanggunJie)asthisdatehadsix"ones"ratherthanfour,increasingthesignificanceoftheoccasion.[39]In2011,anabove-averagenumberofmaritalcelebrationsoccurredinHongKongandBeijingon11November.[40] Symbolism[edit] Thefollowingsymbolismhasbeenassociatedwiththespecialdate: 1:thedigit1symbolizesanindividual,asingleperson. 11:twoindividualsfindingeachotherandbeingtogetherononesideofthespecialdate(11.11). 2x(11):acelebrationoftwoormorecouples,eachcomprisingtwosingleindividualsfindingeachotheronthespecialdate(11.11). OutsideChina[edit] Singles'DayhassincebeenpopularizedthroughtheinternetandisnowobservedatseveralplacesoutsideofChinaaswell.[41]TheholidayhasparticularlygrowninSoutheastAsia,withcustomersintheLazada'sSoutheastAsianmarketplacesordering6.5millionitemsin2017.InIndonesia,forexample,11Novemberisdubbed"Harbolnas"(NationalOnlineShoppingDay),andlargediscountsareofferedbymajoronlineretailers.[42]Itpreviouslytookplaceon12December.[43] IntheUnitedKingdom,Single'sDay,alsocalledNationalSinglesDay,iscelebratedon11March.Itwasinitiatedbyagroupofinternationallyrecogniseddatingexpertsinordertohelpsingleseitherembracetheirsinglestatusor'dosomethingaboutit'.[44] MediaMarkt,aGermancompany,promotesSingles'Dayintheirstores.[45]BelgianMediaMarktalsoparticipates,butreactionshavebeennegative,as11NovemberistheanniversaryoftheArmisticeof11November1918thatendedWorldWarI,andthedayisassociatedwithsombercommemorationofthewardeadinBelgium.[46]In2016,SwedishelectronicsretailerElgigantenpromotedaSinglesDaycampaigninNorwaybeforeimplementingitintheotherNordiccountriesthefollowingyear.[47][48] Trademarks[edit] Theterm"双十一"(Double11)wastrademarkedinChinabyAlibabaGroupon28December2012,underregistrationnumbers10136470and10136420.InOctober2014,Alibabathreatenedlegalactionagainstmediaoutletsthatacceptadvertisingfromcompetitorsthatusethisterm.[49] Seealso[edit] WikimediaCommonshasmediarelatedtoSingles'day. Shengnu,so-called"leftoverwomen"whoremainunmarried SinglesAwarenessDay Singlesevent BlackDayinSouthKorea SuperSaturday PeperoDay,Korean'Valentinesday'onthesameday Pocky&PretzDay QixiFestival,Chinese'Valentine'sDay' References[edit] ^"Asiandemography:Theflightfrommarriage".TheEconomist.SeoulandTaipei.20August2011.Archivedfromtheoriginalon14September2018.Retrieved18April2013. ^"Singles'Daypostsarecordhaulevenattheslowestpaceinadecade".SouthChinaMorningPost.12November2021.Retrieved17November2021. ^Huy,Quy(11December2019)."ForAlibaba,SinglesDayIsAboutMoreThanHugeSales".HarvardBusinessReview.ISSN 0017-8012.Retrieved17November2021. ^"HowAlibabamadeSingles'Daytheworld'slargestshoppingfestival".Fortune.Retrieved17November2021. ^"SinglesDay2017BreaksRecordwith$44.5BillioninSales".SinglesDayBest.com.26July2018.Retrieved15September2018. ^Haas,Benjamin(12November2017)."Chineseshoppersspendarecord$25bninSinglesDaysplurge".TheGuardian.ISSN 0261-3077.Retrieved10January2018. ^abC.Custer(14October2014)."TmallCEO:thisyear,AlibabaplanstotakeSinglesDayglobal".TechinAsia.Retrieved21October2014. ^abcd"Alibaba'sSingles'Daysaleshitrecord$38billion;growthslows".Reuters.10November2019.Retrieved5March2020. ^Kharpal,Arjun(12November2021)."Alibaba,JDsmashSinglesDayrecordwith$139billionofsalesandfocuson'socialresponsibility'".CNBC.Retrieved16November2021. ^"HowChina'sSingles'DayHolidaySoldOut".Times.Retrieved10November2015. ^ab"Singles'Day2017".PublicHolidaysChina.Retrieved30November2017. ^Group,SEECMedia."11thingsyouneedtoknowabout11.11Singles'Dayshoppingfestival".Retrieved30November2017. ^"Alibaba,JD.comsharesriseasSinglesDaycomestoaclose".11November2021. ^"双11落幕：天猫4982亿京东2715亿小米也是大赢家".12November2020. ^"一文读懂双11战报：京东累计下单超2044亿阿里销售额达2684亿_腾讯新闻". ^"2018双十一全网销售总成绩：3143.2亿_京东".Sohu. ^"【钛晨报】2017双11全网销售额达2539.7亿，手机销售额占比8.7%".Sohu. ^abEmilyBary."Alibaba,JD.comsharesriseasSinglesDaycomestoaclose".MarketWatch.Retrieved11November2021. ^abSherissePham."SinglesDay:Alibabasalesblitzrakesin$75billionasChineseshakeoffCovid-19".CNN.Retrieved21November2020. ^Kharpal,Arjun(11November2020)."Alibaba's$56billionSinglesDayrecordovershadowedby10%stockplungeasChinaproposesnewregulation".CNBC.Retrieved21November2020. ^ab"AlibabaSetsSingles'DayRecordWith$31BillioninSales".Bloomberg.11November2018.Retrieved12November2018. ^ab"Alibaba'sSingles'DayGoesGlobalWithRecord$25BillioninSales".Bloomberg.12November2017.Retrieved12November2017. ^ab"AlibabapostsrecordSingles'Daysales,butgrowthslows".Reuters.11November2016.Retrieved12November2018. ^ab"Alibaba'sSingles'Daysalessurge60percentto$14.3billion".Reuters.12November2015.Retrieved12November2018. ^ab"Alibabareportsrecord$9billionSingles'Daysales".Reuters.12November2014.Retrieved12November2018. ^ab"TmallandTaobaoSee$3BillioninSalesDuringChina's24-HourOnlineShopfest".TechinAsia.12November2012.Retrieved12November2012. ^abcde"TenyearsofSingles'Day,China'sridiculouslyhugeshoppingfestival".Quartz.9November2018.Retrieved12November2018. ^""双11"从小创意变成大节日全球卖家从中受益".Xinhua.6November2018.Archivedfromtheoriginalon6November2018.Retrieved6November2018. ^CharlesKauffman(14November2017)."China's11.11volumesforAlibaba,JD.comcontinuetosurge".aircargoworld.Retrieved15November2017. ^StevenMillward(12November2014)."Newrecordforworld'sbiggestshoppingdayasAlibaba'sshoppersspend$9.3billionin24hours".TechinAsia.Retrieved5December2014. ^"Alibaba'sSingles'Daysaleshit$14.32billion".Reuters.Reuters.11November2015.Retrieved11November2014. ^"BigDataGame-Changer:Alibaba'sDouble11EventRaisestheBarforOnlineSales".MITTechnologyReview. ^Horwitz,Josh."CrazystatisticsfromChina'sbiggestshoppingdayoftheyear".Quartz. ^"AlibabasmashesSinglesDayrecordasshoppingspreehits$25b".www.techinasia.com. ^VBbusiness,onlinemallTaobaoreports$3Binsalesinoneday,Nov.2012 ^Haas,Benjamin(12November2017)."Chineseshoppersspendarecord$25bninSinglesDaysplurge".TheGuardian.ISSN 0261-3077.Retrieved30November2017. ^Tan,Huileng."Singles'DaykicksoffonThursdayinChinawithamassiveparty.Hereare5statsthatputthescaleoftheworld'sbiggestshoppingfestivalintoperspective".BusinessInsider.Retrieved17November2021. ^"SinglesDay".DaysOfTheYear.Retrieved17November2021. ^Aholidayinvasion–WhyareChineseenthusiasticallyadoptingnewfestiveevents?ThinkingChinese,November2011 ^WallStreetJournal(2011).ChineseCouplesRushtotheAltaron11/11/11.Retrieved16November2011. ^Saiidi,Uptin(13November2017)."SinglesDayisnotjustforChinaanymore".CNBC.Retrieved10January2018. ^"Harbolnas11.11,IniPromoyangDitawarkanLazada,Shopee,danBukalapak".KOMPAS.com(inIndonesian).11November2020.Retrieved11November2020. ^"ApaItuHarbolnasyangDigelarpada12.12Besok?".tirto.id(inIndonesian).11December2019.Retrieved11November2020. ^"NewUKDatingFairBringsSingles&BrandsTogetherToMarkNationalSinglesDay".10January2017. ^"DerSinglesDay2018".MediaMarktOnlineshop.Retrieved10January2018. ^jdb,sir."Ditweekendvierenweeennieuwefeestdag,endieisvooralinteressantvoorkoopjesjagers".HetNieuwsblad(inFlemish).Retrieved9November2017. ^Malmberg,Joakim(8November2017)."'SinglesDay',theworld'sbiggestshoppingfest,isfinallycomingtotheNordics".BusinessInsider.Retrieved11November2018. ^Chin,Josh(11November2011)."ChineseCouplesRushtotheAltaron11/11/11".WSJ.Retrieved10January2018. ^EricJohnson(6November2014)."TheChinesegovernmenthasessentiallygivenAlibabathe'Double11'market".InvestorPlace.Retrieved10November2014. Externallinks[edit] CreativeSinglesDay Retrievedfrom"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Singles%27_Day&oldid=1102102008" Categories:MarriageinChinesecultureNovemberobservancesPublicholidaysinChinaUnofficialobservances1990sneologismsAutumneventsinChinaHiddencategories:CS1Indonesian-languagesources(id)CS1Flemish-languagesources(nl-be)ArticleswithshortdescriptionShortdescriptionisdifferentfromWikidataUsedmydatesfromNovember2020Infoboxholidayfixedday(2)ArticlescontainingChinese-languagetextArticlescontainingsimplifiedChinese-languagetextArticlescontainingtraditionalChinese-languagetextAllarticleswithunsourcedstatementsArticleswithunsourcedstatementsfromOctober2020ArticleswithunsourcedstatementsfromNovember2014ArticleswithunsourcedstatementsfromMay2021CommonscategorylinkisonWikidata Navigationmenu Personaltools NotloggedinTalkContributionsCreateaccountLogin Namespaces ArticleTalk English Views ReadEditViewhistory More Search Navigation MainpageContentsCurrenteventsRandomarticleAboutWikipediaContactusDonate Contribute HelpLearntoeditCommunityportalRecentchangesUploadfile Tools WhatlinkshereRelatedchangesUploadfileSpecialpagesPermanentlinkPageinformationCitethispageWikidataitem Print/export DownloadasPDFPrintableversion Inotherprojects WikimediaCommons Languages العربيةAsturianuAzərbaycancaবাংলাCatalàČeštinaDeutschEspañolEuskaraفارسیFrançais한국어ՀայերենBahasaIndonesiaItalianoעבריתBahasaMelayuNederlands日本語PolskiPortuguêsРусскийСрпски/srpskiSuomiSvenskaУкраїнськаئۇيغۇرچە/UyghurcheTiếngViệt吴语粵語中文 Editlinks